Vulnerabilidade de inserção no mercado de trabalho dos jovens moradores de favelas de Belo Horizonte

Abstract

The social vulnerability of youth results from a series of overlapping factors. The combination of low schooling and income, labor market insertion difficulties and barriers to access to social policies can be understood as structural causes for vulnerability. This is a phenomenon that has significantly affected a large portion of the young population in Brazil. The main dimensions for the study of social vulnerabilities are work, human capital and social relations. Considering the diverse dimensions, this paper focuses on one of the determinants of vulnerability, which is the way certain population groups enter the labor market. The objective is to investigate the characteristics of the labor market of young people in five large favelas of the city of Belo Horizonte, analyzing indicators such as occupation rates, unemployment and distribution in the occupational groups, considering the differences for men and women and for the age groups of 15 to 18 and 19 to 24 years. In addition, has also been calculated The Youth Vulnerability Index, which measures the degree of social exclusion of young people. The data used came from the demographic census of 2010 of IBGE, considering as a lower level of aggregation the weighting areas that were compatible with slums areas. The results show that in certain areas of the city of Belo Horizonte young people enter the labor market earlier, without continuing their studies, have a higher rate of unemployment and greater insertion in the informal sector. It is also observed a greater occupational segregation of women in relation to men.

Keywords

• vulnerability
• youth
• job market