Investigating the influence of nanofluid on photovoltaic-thermal systems concerning photovoltaic panel performance

Abstract

Solar energy has much promise to replace the planet's finite supply of fossil fuels as it is sustainable and eco-friendly. Photovoltaic (PV) panels are one example of the proper technology that may transform solar energy into electrical energy. On the other hand, high temperatures may reduce photovoltaic cells' ability to produce power efficiently. As a result, a study was carried out to use the PV/T (Photovoltaic Thermal) collector system and evaluate the effects of CuO, TiO2, and Al2O3 nanofluids as cooling agents on the performance and operating temperature of PV panels. In Surakarta, Indonesia, an experimental study was conducted with nanoparticle concentrations of 0.2 vol% and a flow rate of 3 L/m at an intensity of radiation of 1000 W/m2. The results showed that, in comparison to uncooled PV panels, employing CuO, TiO2, and Al2O3 nanofluids in the PV/T system resulted in temperature reductions of 18.84 °C, 18.12 °C, and 17.62 °C, respectively. Moreover, measurements of the electrical efficiency produced by PV and PV/T panels using CuO, TiO2, and Al2O3 nanofluids showed that the respective values were 10.98%, 13.92%, 13.65%, and 13.39%. This study contributes to the development of solar energy technology by demonstrating the potential of nanofluid-based cooling devices to improve solar panel performance in hot conditions.

Keywords

• PV/T panel
• Nanofluids
• PV panel performance