Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente (Aug 2016)
Conflitos espaciais entre instrumentos legais de planejamento territorial: caso de estudo na região do Balneário Cassino (Rio Grande, RS)
Abstract
This article presents the application of a methodology with geoprocessing tools to verify the existence (or not) of spatial conflicts between land use organizing instruments in the Casino Beach region and surrounding areas in the municipality of Rio Grande-RS. Therefore, the following legal instruments were analyzed: Planning Units, the Master Plan component, Ecological Economic Zoning Municipal- ZEEM, the Municipal Environmental Plan component and Map of Environmental Legal Basis generated by the authors based on Permanent-APPs Preservation Areas, Units Conservation and other areas with legally defined usage restrictions. We used the software Geographic Information Systems QGIS; one satellite image RapidEye® and vector data for processing. They resulting products were: land cover map, the environmental legal basis map and maps of conflicts based on crossing data. It was found that the class with largest soil coverage areas are fields (50.5%), followed by swamps and marshland (25.2%). And that 34.55% of the mapped area correspond to legally protected areas. As for the data conflicts, we found scale problems especially at the edges because the Planning Units are in scale of 1: 10,000; while ZEEM is 1: 100,000 and the Environmental Legal Basis is in scale 1: 25.000. Another problem encountered was the failure of the Planning Units for most of the study area. It was also found the importance of delimiting the PPAs and that the overlap of these environments with the other two policies would solve much of the spatial conflicts found. The fact is that there are two instruments of public policy for the same territory that are in conflict, which highlights the importance of integrating public institutions and geospatial data in the regulation and management of the territory.
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