Avian Influenza among Waterfowl Hunters and Wildlife Professionals

Abstract

We report serologic evidence of avian influenza infection in 1 duck hunter and 2 wildlife professionals with extensive histories of wild waterfowl and game bird exposure. Two laboratory methods showed evidence of past infection with influenza A/H11N9, a less common virus strain in wild ducks, in these 3 persons.

Keywords

• avian influenza
• hemagglutinin 11
• waterfowl hunters
• wildlife professionals
• microneutralization
• hemagglutination inhibition