Allele-Specific Dual PCRs to Identify Members of the 27a Cluster of PPV

Abstract

Porcine Parvovirus (PPV) is one of the most important infectious agents causing severe reproductive failure in pigs. In the last two decades a particular, a novel genotype emerged in Europe and PPV-27a was named as the prototype of this genetic cluster. It was suggested that members of the PPV-27a cluster may adversely influence effective vaccination against PPV. For a reliable updated 27a definition, we aligned 93 databank-deposited partial or full nucleotide and protein sequences of the VP2 of different PPV isolates. We confirmed that the 27a cluster could indeed be distinguished from other members of the species, however, some divergences were identified compared to earlier defined genetic markers. Based on genetic differences, we developed a dual allele-specific polymerase chain reaction for the easy and quick discrimination of members of the 27a cluster from other PPV strains. The detection limit of dual PCR was found 4 copies/reaction. To sensitize and make it more user friendly, the method was further developed for qPCR application with fluorescent probes. Regarding the detection limit of the two PCRs (4 copies/reaction of the dual PCR versus 2 copy/reaction of the dual qPCR), approximately two log improvement was achieved in the sensitivity of the method.

Keywords

• <i>Ungulate protoparvovirus 1</i>
• PPV-27a
• PCR detection
• porcine viruses
• swine production