Investigation on the Relationship between D-Dimer and Cell Blood Count Indices in COVID-19 Prognosis: A Retrospective Study on 320 COVID-19 Patients

Abstract

Introduction:Due to the spreading of coronavirus infection in 2019 (COVID-19) throughout the world, tracking cell blood count (CBC) of moderate to severe COVID-19 patients could provide new insights for the prognosis prediction.Materials and Methods: In this observational-retrospective study, D-dimer and CBC documents of 320 confirmed COVID-19 patients hospitalized in Shamsoshomus Clinic, Mashhad, Iran, were evaluated. Receiver operation characteristics (ROC) curve was analysed to determine specificity and sensitivity of D-dimer and hematological indices, including white blood cell (WBCs), lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophil, red blood cell width (RDW), platelets (PLT), and mean of platelet volume (MPV). Results: This study included 157 (49.1%) male and 163 (50.3%) female COVID-19 patients between 14 to 96 years old. According to their status in the duration of hospitalization, patients were considered in the good outcome group (N=215) and poor outcome group (N=105). A significant difference was observed in D-dimer, WBCS, PMN, Lymph, monocytes, eosinophil, and RDW between the two groups (P<0.001). The highest sensitivity and the lowest specificity belonged to RDW (99%, 4%), WBCs (98%, 4%), PMN (99%, 11%) and D-dimer (96%, 42%). D-dimer indicated a significant association with WBCs, PMN, and RDW (P<0.05).Conclusion:The present study revealed that WBCs and RDW might be recommended for the COVID-19 prognosis prediction due to their high comparable sensitivity to D-dimer.

Keywords

• cell blood count
• covid-19
• prognosis red blood cell width
• white blood cell
• sensitivity
• specificity