Effect of alcoholic and nano-particles additives on tribological properties of diesel–palm–sesame–biodiesel blends

M.A. Mujtaba; Haeng Muk Cho; H.H. Masjuki; M.A. Kalam; M. Farooq; Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar; M. Gul; Waqar Ahmed; Asif Afzal; Shahid Bashir; V. Dhana Raju; Haseeb Yaqoob; A.Z. Syahir

Energy Reports (Nov 2021)

Effect of alcoholic and nano-particles additives on tribological properties of diesel–palm–sesame–biodiesel blends

M.A. Mujtaba,
Haeng Muk Cho,
H.H. Masjuki,
M.A. Kalam,
M. Farooq,
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar,
M. Gul,
Waqar Ahmed,
Asif Afzal,
Shahid Bashir,
V. Dhana Raju,
Haseeb Yaqoob,
A.Z. Syahir

Affiliations

M.A. Mujtaba: Center for Energy Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, New Campus Lahore, Pakistan; Corresponding author at: Center for Energy Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Haeng Muk Cho: Division of Mechanical Engineering and Automotive Engineering, Kongju National University, 276, Budae-Dong, Cheonan-City, Chungnam, 330-717, South Korea; Corresponding authors.
H.H. Masjuki: Center for Energy Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, IIUM, 50728 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
M.A. Kalam: Center for Energy Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Corresponding authors.
M. Farooq: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, New Campus Lahore, Pakistan
Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar: Center for Energy Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
M. Gul: Center for Energy Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60000 Multan, Pakistan
Waqar Ahmed: Advanced CFD lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
Asif Afzal: Department of Mechanical Engineering, P. A. College of Engineering (Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi), Mangaluru, 574153, India
Shahid Bashir: Department of Physics, Center of Ionics, Faculty of Science University of Malaya, Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
V. Dhana Raju: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lakireddy Bali Reddy College of Engineering, Mylavaram, Andhra Pradesh, 521230, India
Haseeb Yaqoob: Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
A.Z. Syahir: Center for Energy Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 7
pp. 1162 – 1171

Abstract

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This study focused on evaluating the lubricity of diesel–biodiesel fuel with oxygenated alcoholic and nano-particle additives. Fuel injection system lubrication depended primarily on the fuel used in the diesel engine. Palm–sesame oil blend was used to produce biodiesel using the ultrasound-assisted technique. B30 fuel sample as a base fuel was blended with fuel additives in different proportions prior to tribological behavior analysis. The lubricity of fuel samples measured using HFRR in accordance with the standard method ASTM D6079. All tested fuels’ Tribological behavior examined through worn steel balls and plates using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to assess wear scar diameter and surface morphology. During the test run, the friction coefficient was measured directly by the HFRR tribometer system. The results exhibited that B10 (diesel) had a very poor coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter, among other tested fuels. The addition of oxygenated alcohol (ethanol) as a fuel additive in the B30 fuel sample decreased the lubricity of fuel and increased the wear and friction coefficient, among other fuel additives. B30 with DMC showed the least wear scar diameter among all tested fuels. B30 with nanoparticle TiO2exhibited the best results with the least wear scar diameter and lowest friction coefficient among all other fuel samples. B30+DMC demonstrated significant improvement in engine performance (BTE) and carbon emissions compared to different tested samples. B30+TiO2 also showed considerable improvement in engine characteristics.

Published in Energy Reports

ISSN: 2352-4847 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Technology: Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering
Website: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy-reports/

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