Paradigms of the Nations Classification in European and Soviet Marxism

Abstract

For the first time in the post-Soviet period, in a separate publication, prerequisites, key ideas, theoretical, methodological, ideological and political paradigms of nationalities by world and European “classics of Marxism” (Friedrich Engels, Austro-Marxist Otto Bauer, Joseph Stalin and Vladimir Lenin, etc.) are analyzed and revealed in reliance on the principle of historicism and methods of systematic, comparative, discursive and content analysis in political, philosophical and ideological aspects. Comparative research of the interpretations of the main types of nations by the ancestors of Marxism and their theoretical models, and also ideologemes, which were created in Soviet Marxism in the second half of the twentieth century, was carried out. The material of the article is particularly important for a relevant understanding of the specifics and direction of the development of philosophical and socio-political studies in the USSR and Ukraine in the second half of the 1960s, the second half of the 1980s, and for the scientific understanding of the paradigmatic, analytical and ideological prescriptions of the Marxist-Leninist theory of the nation and the communist meta narration in their confrontation with Western concepts. In the present circumstances, the results of such an analysis are essential for the creation of a correct assessment of the theoretical platform and ideological attitudes of that period Soviet authority in the sphere of national and cultural, national-state and socialist building, as well as its struggle with “bourgeois nationalism.”

Keywords

• socio-political studies
• ussr and ukraine
• differentiation of nations
• friedrich engels
• austro-marxism of otto bauer
• stalin’s classification of nations
• marxist-leninist historical and economic theory of the nation
• scientific communism