Effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation on anhedonia in treatment resistant major depressive disorder

Abstract

Abstract Background Anhedonia is one of the defining features of depression but it remains difficult to target and treat. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a proven treatment for depression, but its effects on anhedonia and whether anhedonia can be used as a predictive biomarker of response is not well known. Methods Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale was administered to patients with depression before and after a standard course of TMS in a naturalistic outpatient setting. Results 144 patients were analyzed. There was an overall significant improvement in anhedonia from pre‐ to post‐treatment (7.69 ± 3.88 vs. 2.96 ± 3.45; p < .001). Significant correlations between improvements in anhedonia and other depressive symptoms were present (r = 0.55, p < .001). Logistic regression revealed that baseline anhedonia severity was not a significant predictor of clinical outcome. Conclusion This is the first large, naturalistic study examining the effects of standard, non‐research TMS on anhedonia. Among depressed patients, TMS resulted in significant improvements in anhedonia. Patients with severe baseline anhedonia had an equal chance of achieving clinical response/remission. Patients with anhedonia should not be excluded from treatment if they are safe for outpatient care and otherwise appropriate candidates for treatment.

Keywords

• anhedonia
• depression
• naturalistic
• transcranial magnetic stimulation