Alveolar deposition of inhaled fine particulate matter increased risk of severity of pulmonary tuberculosis in the upper and middle lobes

• Firdian Makrufardi,
• Kuan-Jen Bai,
• Chi-Won Suk,
• Desy Rusmawatiningtyas,
• Kian Fan Chung,
• Hsiao-Chi Chuang

Affiliations

Firdian Makrufardi

International PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

Kuan-Jen Bai

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

Chi-Won Suk

Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

Desy Rusmawatiningtyas

Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada – Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Kian Fan Chung

National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK

Hsiao-Chi Chuang

School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan