Spectrum of Nonneoplastic Lesions of Uterine Cervix in Uttarakhand

Abstract

Introduction: Cervical lesions are more frequent and commonly encountered day today problem of gynaecological lesions in women. Cervical lesions, both neoplastic and non-neoplastic, are prime reason for morbidity and mortality in women. Aim: The study was conducted to explore various nonneoplastic lesions of cervix at government hospital, Uttarakhand. Materials and Methods: 315 non-neoplastic cervices were analyzed either from hysterectomy or biopsy specimens. These cervices were subjected to detailed gross and microscopic examination and further categorized into various non-neoplastic lesions. Results: Of all the non-neoplastic lesions, a total of 291(92.38%) of cervical specimens shows cervicitis. Chronic nonspecific cervicitis was the most commonly encountered lesions in 85.56 % of all inflammatory lesions. However, acute or chronic cervicitis was found in only 18 cases (6.185%) and tuberculosis cervicitis was encountered in only one patient (0.343 %%). Cervicitis with koilocytic changes in HPV is present in (7.90%). The peak age for non-neoplastic lesion was 40 -60 years. Nabothian cyst (31.11%) and Squamous metaplasia (14.92%) were another common lesions present. Endocervical hyperplasia and endocervical polyp present in only 1.26% and 2.22% cases. Among the ectocervical changes, hyperplasia were the commonest and found in 12.06%. Conclusion: Histopathology is the best method to detect cervical lesions. Further, large scale multi-factorial studies are essential in this field. Routine Pap smear test in reproductive age group is as way of reducing the occurrence of carcinoma of the cervix in our setup with existing resources.

Keywords

• cervicitis
• histopathology
• hpv
• squamous metaplasia