Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology (May 2022)

Involvement of Mechanical Cues in the Migration of Cajal-Retzius Cells in the Marginal Zone During Neocortical Development

  • Ana López-Mengual,
  • Ana López-Mengual,
  • Ana López-Mengual,
  • Ana López-Mengual,
  • Miriam Segura-Feliu,
  • Miriam Segura-Feliu,
  • Miriam Segura-Feliu,
  • Miriam Segura-Feliu,
  • Raimon Sunyer,
  • Héctor Sanz-Fraile,
  • Jorge Otero,
  • Jorge Otero,
  • Francina Mesquida-Veny,
  • Francina Mesquida-Veny,
  • Francina Mesquida-Veny,
  • Francina Mesquida-Veny,
  • Vanessa Gil,
  • Vanessa Gil,
  • Vanessa Gil,
  • Vanessa Gil,
  • Arnau Hervera,
  • Arnau Hervera,
  • Arnau Hervera,
  • Arnau Hervera,
  • Isidre Ferrer,
  • Isidre Ferrer,
  • Isidre Ferrer,
  • Jordi Soriano,
  • Jordi Soriano,
  • Xavier Trepat,
  • Xavier Trepat,
  • Xavier Trepat,
  • Xavier Trepat,
  • Ramon Farré,
  • Ramon Farré,
  • Ramon Farré,
  • Daniel Navajas,
  • Daniel Navajas,
  • Daniel Navajas,
  • José Antonio del Río,
  • José Antonio del Río,
  • José Antonio del Río,
  • José Antonio del Río

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2022.886110
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10

Abstract

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Emerging evidence points to coordinated action of chemical and mechanical cues during brain development. At early stages of neocortical development, angiogenic factors and chemokines such as CXCL12, ephrins, and semaphorins assume crucial roles in orchestrating neuronal migration and axon elongation of postmitotic neurons. Here we explore the intrinsic mechanical properties of the developing marginal zone of the pallium in the migratory pathways and brain distribution of the pioneer Cajal-Retzius cells. These neurons are generated in several proliferative regions in the developing brain (e.g., the cortical hem and the pallial subpallial boundary) and migrate tangentially in the preplate/marginal zone covering the upper portion of the developing cortex. These cells play crucial roles in correct neocortical layer formation by secreting several molecules such as Reelin. Our results indicate that the motogenic properties of Cajal-Retzius cells and their perinatal distribution in the marginal zone are modulated by both chemical and mechanical factors, by the specific mechanical properties of Cajal-Retzius cells, and by the differential stiffness of the migratory routes. Indeed, cells originating in the cortical hem display higher migratory capacities than those generated in the pallial subpallial boundary which may be involved in the differential distribution of these cells in the dorsal-lateral axis in the developing marginal zone.

Keywords