Characteristics, surgical management, and outcomes of parotid gland masses in the pediatric age group: A single tertiary institute experience

Abstract

Context: Parotid gland lesions in children requiring surgical management are not common. Neoplastic lesions of the parotid glands are also less common. Parotid tumors in children have different characteristics from those that occur in adults. When they occur in the pediatric age group, malignancy has to be ruled out. Subjects and Methods: This is a retrospective study of children who presented to our institute, a tertiary care referral hospital for children <12 years, with parotid swellings during the 5-year period between April 2018 and March 2023. The children who underwent surgical management for parotid lesions, in the form of parotidectomy, were included in the study. Children who were treated by nonoperative management were excluded from the study. Results: Twelve children were included. Of the 12 children, three (25.0%) children had malignancy, four (33.33%) children had benign tumors, three (25.0%) children had vascular malformations, and the remaining two (16.67%) children had inflammatory etiology. All children underwent superficial/total parotidectomy, depending on the involvement of superficial and/or deep lobe. Of the three malignant parotid tumors, two were of mucoepidermoid carcinoma and one was myoepithelial carcinoma. One of the children with mucoepidermoid carcinoma had recurrence. Conclusions: Facial nerve-sparing parotidectomy is the treatment for neoplastic and inflammatory lesions. Initially, lymphovascular tumors were treated aggressively with parotidectomy. Neck node dissection should be performed only in children with fine-needle aspiration cytology-confirmed nodal metastases during primary surgery. Adjuvant treatment may be required in selected cases.

Keywords

• mucoepidermoid carcinoma
• pediatric parotid lesions
• parotid tumors
• pleomorphic adenoma
• superficial parotidectomy