Adoption of telemedicine for obesity treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic achieved comparable outcomes to in-person visits

Abstract

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, weight loss programs rapidly transitioned to a virtual model, replacing in-person clinic visits. We sought to compare the observed weight loss and adherence to treatment between patients referred for intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) who were treated via telemedicine and those treated in person. Methods: After IRB approval, we conducted a retrospective observational study of patients referred for clinical bariatric IBT between January 2019 and June 2021 who were followed in person or via telemedicine. The primary endpoint was the percentage of excess BMI loss (EBL%); secondary endpoints included treatment adherence, duration of follow-up, and number of completed visits. Results: During the study period, 139 patients were seen for at least one IBT session for weight management: 62 were followed up in person (IP) and 77 via telemedicine (TM). The mean age, baseline BMI, and follow-up duration between the groups were similar. In the IP and TM groups, the EBL% was −24.7 ± 24.7 and −22.7 ± 19.5 (P = 0.989) and loss to follow-up after the first visit was 27.4% and 19.5% (P = 0.269), respectively. Conclusion: For the management of obesity, weight loss programs delivered via telemedicine can achieve similar outcomes to those provided via classical in-person visits. This study suggests that the integration of telecare into clinical practice in bariatric medicine should be considered in the future. Emerging technologies may allow adequate patient follow-up in multiple scenarios, specifically non-critical chronic disorders, and bring unanticipated benefits for patients and healthcare providers.

Keywords

• Healthcare delivery
• Intensive behavioral therapy
• Obesity
• Obesity management
• Telehealth
• Telemedicine