Study of ash level and content of chemical elements in ash of different types of household solid waste and solid fuel pellets

Abstract

The article deals with the current issue of solid household waste management and focuses on the fact that the most effective method of reducing the amount of waste is heat treatment. Attention is paid to such important parameters during the incineration of solid household waste as the ash content and the content of chemical elements in the ash, in particular heavy metals. Recently, the problem of waste is becoming more and more relevant due to the increase in the amount of waste and the negative impact on the environment. One of the ways to reduce the amount of waste is to convert it into fuel. Solid household waste and solid fuel pellets are a source of energy, but they can also contain heavy metals that can be harmful to human health and the environment. A study of the ash content in various waste types and wood solid fuel pellets made from different types of wood was conducted. During the field trip to the landfill of solid household waste (SHW) in the village of Rybne the samples were taken for further research. The ash level of the waste mixture was analyzed, which corresponded to the morphological composition of the landfill of solid household waste in the village of Rybne, and a further analysis of the ash for the content of heavy metals was carried out. Also, the contents of ash and chemical elements in the mixture of wood solid fuel pellets made from different types of wood were analyzed. The level of ash content for different types of waste (plastic, bio-waste, rubber, paper, textiles, wood, etc.) and different types of solid fuel wood pellets (oak, beech, pine, etc.) was studied. A graph was developed to compare the calorie content of different types of waste and pellets to their ash content. Microsoft Excel software was used to simplify the calculation. The study involved the actual calorific values obtained during laboratory research with the help of IKA C1 calorimeter, the ash content obtained by the method of ashing samples in a muffle furnace with subsequent weighing of samples, and the investigation of the chemical composition of samples on the EXPERT 3L precision analyzer with a constant supply of helium in collimator channels

Keywords

• solid household waste
• thermal disposal
• caloric content
• ash content
• heavy metals