Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (Oct 2022)

Dysnatremia is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality within 365 days post-discharge in patients with atrial fibrillation without heart failure: A prospective cohort study

  • Yan Zhou,
  • Dong Lin,
  • Dong Lin,
  • Shiwan Wu,
  • Jiaxin Xiao,
  • Min Yu,
  • Zhongbo Xiao,
  • Muli Wu,
  • Zhisheng Chen,
  • Zhisheng Chen,
  • Cuihong Tian,
  • Cuihong Tian,
  • Rongbing Chen,
  • Yequn Chen,
  • Yequn Chen,
  • Xuerui Tan,
  • Xuerui Tan

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.963103
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 9

Abstract

Read online

AimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the association between serum sodium concentrations at hospital admission and all-cause mortality within 365 days post-discharge in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) without heart failure (HF).MethodsThe prospective cohort study enrolled 1,446 patients with AF without HF between November 2018 and October 2020. A follow-up was performed 30, 90, 180, and 365 days after enrollment through outpatient visits or telephone interviews. All-cause mortality was estimated in three groups according to serum sodium concentrations: hyponatremia (< 135 mmol/L), normonatremia (135–145 mmol/L), and hypernatremia (> 145 mmol/L). We estimated the risk of all-cause mortalities using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models with normonatremia as the reference.ResultsThe all-cause mortalities of hyponatremia, normonatremia, and hypernatremia were 20.6, 9.4, and 33.3% within 365 days post-discharge, respectively. In the univariable analysis, hyponatremia (HR: 2.19, CI 1.5–3.2) and hypernatremia (HR: 4.03, CI 2.32–7.02) increased the risk of all-cause mortality. The HRs for hyponatremia and hypernatremia were 1.55 (CI 1.05–2.28) and 2.55 (CI 1.45–4.46) after adjustment for age, diabetes mellitus, loop diuretics, antisterone, antiplatelet drugs, and anticoagulants in the patients with AF without HF. The association between serum sodium concentrations and the HRs of all-cause mortality was U-shaped.ConclusionDysnatremia at hospital admission was an independent factor for all-cause mortality in patients with AF without HF within 365 days post-discharge.

Keywords