مسکن و محیط روستا (Sep 2020)
Feasibility study about public art potentials as development stimulus in Renewal of worn-out Textures (Case Study: neighborhood of Mazandaran Crossroad in Semnan province)
Abstract
In recent years, due to the increasing expansion of distressed urban fabric in Iran one of the most important goals of urbanization has been to moderate the economic, socio-cultural and structural problems of the distressed urban fabric. According to theoretical studies and global experiences conducted in this study, the regeneration of culture-based as a comprehensive and executive approach with the potential of utilizing the innovative participation of residents has been introduces as the agenda for several studies. In other words, culture-based recreation can be considered as one of the main approaches to urban regeneration in the last two decades. Furthermore, among new urban redevelopment strategies, development incentives leading to launch and direct development in worn-out urban contexts can be taken into consideration. Development stimuli are urban artifacts that are not necessarily non-physical but rather can be structural or measurable and are looked upon as the key elements in the process of urban development and regeneration. One of the main goals of development stimulus projects is to achieve urban regeneration, an approach that works as a comprehensive strategy to bring about change and development in various economic, cultural and aesthetic fields in a place with signs of decline. In this regard, the various categories of development stimulus projects in different urban scales have been introduced, one of which is taking the advantage of public art, which is the same approach applied in the present study. Therefore, the main goal of the present research is the feasibility study of using public art potentials as a development stimulus in the reconstruction of worn-out tissues and it has been tried to address issues such as identifying components of public art, their effectiveness degree and the feasibility of using public art in the case study neighborhood. For achieving the goal of the research, feasibility study of potentials application of public art as the development stimulus in recreation of worn-out textures, the study has been conducted as the applied-descriptive research with a quantitative approach in Mazandaran Crossroads’ neighborhood of Semnan city with a population of 5504 people. The conceptual model of this research is the result of theoretical studies and the use of global experiences regarding the remarkable successes of the use of public art as a stimulus for development. Collecting the information is obtained through preparing a random sample of 384 people (using Cochran's formula) and distributing questionnaires and by taking the advantage of Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis and LISREl software and ultimately the analyzing the achieved data. The results of the study indicate that among the studied components in the various types of public art, respectively landscape art (furniture and green space), architectural art (museum, teahouse, cafeteria and institute), live art (Street shows, competitions, exhibitions, artists' accommodation and festivals), digital art (lighting, audio dubbing and film screening), painting art (wall painting, graffiti, mosaic and carving) and sculpture art (element, memorial and sculpture), have the higher potentials in development and recreation of worn-out textures. In this study, in addition to evaluating the potentials of different types of public art, the suitable locators for placing them are introduced which can be a proper model for further studies with the subject of developing of public art by the aim of recreation of the worn-out textures.
