Agrology (Feb 2020)
Biological method as a constituent of integrated plant protection in modern conditions
Abstract
The current state of application of the biological method in integrated plant protection in the world, and in the Ukraine in particular, is analyzed and generalized. The biological method is recognized as a strategic ecological and biological method of control of hazardous organisms in modern agricultural production of many countries of the world, the European Union and аlso it is consolidated at legislative level. The biological method of plant protection is used on an area of more than 30 million hectares in the world. It is conditioned by its environmental safety for agricultural producers and consumers of agricultural products and for natural environment. Due to natural origin and high specificity for a particular type of pests, biological methods of plant protection have a high degree of environmental safety, ensure the conservation and expansion of biodiversity to support ecosystem services in agroecosystems, as well as positively impact on soil biota, promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, in comparison with the traditional technologies, in which one chemical pesticides are used. According to the forecasts of international experts, by 2020 the market for biopesticides will reach the level 6 billion US dollars. The situation in the Ukraine today is completely different: the dominance of the chemical method of plant protection with a small part (4-5%) of the application of the biological method and biological preparations, the lack of state control and strategy for the introduction of biological preparations. And this requires radical changes in the current legislation of the country. The available data on the application of the biological method of plant protection are summarized. The world production of biopesticides used in the integrated plant protection for control of harmful organisms, which insure environmental safety in agrocenoses, quality and safety of agricultural products, is analyzed. The positive aspects of the application of the biological method of plant protection in the system of integrated plant protection as еру basis for support of balanced development and ecological safety of agrocenoses are determined
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