Synthesis of Fullerenes from a Nonaromatic Chloroform through a Newly Developed Ultrahigh-Temperature Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis Apparatus

Hong-Gang Zhang; Ya-Qi Zhuo; Xiao-Min Zhang; Leng Zhang; Piao-Yang Xu; Han-Rui Tian; Shui-Chao Lin; Qianyan Zhang; Su-Yuan Xie; Lan-Sun Zheng

doi:10.3390/nano11113033

Nanomaterials (Nov 2021)

Synthesis of Fullerenes from a Nonaromatic Chloroform through a Newly Developed Ultrahigh-Temperature Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis Apparatus

Hong-Gang Zhang,
Ya-Qi Zhuo,
Xiao-Min Zhang,
Leng Zhang,
Piao-Yang Xu,
Han-Rui Tian,
Shui-Chao Lin,
Qianyan Zhang,
Su-Yuan Xie,
Lan-Sun Zheng

Affiliations

Hong-Gang Zhang: State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Ya-Qi Zhuo: State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Xiao-Min Zhang: State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Leng Zhang: State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Piao-Yang Xu: State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Han-Rui Tian: State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Shui-Chao Lin: State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Qianyan Zhang: State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Su-Yuan Xie: State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Lan-Sun Zheng: State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11113033
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 11, no. 11
p. 3033

Abstract

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The flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP) technique is useful for preparing curved polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs) and caged nanocarbon molecules, such as the well-known corannulene and fullerene C60. However, the operating temperature of the traditional FVP apparatus is limited to ~1250 °C, which is not sufficient to overcome the high energy barriers of some reactions. Herein, we report an ultrahigh-temperature FVP (UT-FVP) apparatus with a controllable operating temperature of up to 2500 °C to synthesize fullerene C60 from a nonaromatic single carbon reactant, i.e., chloroform, at 1350 °C or above. Fullerene C60 cannot be obtained from CHCl3 using the traditional FVP apparatus because of the limitation of the reaction temperature. The significant improvements in the UT-FVP apparatus, compared to the traditional FVP apparatus, were the replacement of the quartz tube with a graphite tube and the direct heating of the graphite tube by impedance heating instead of indirect heating of the quartz tube using an electric furnace. Because of the higher temperature range, UT-FVP can not only synthesize fullerene C60 from single carbon nonaromatic reactants but sublimate some high-molecular-weight compounds to synthesize larger curved PAHs in the future.

Published in Nanomaterials

ISSN: 2079-4991 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Chemistry
Website: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/nanomaterials

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