New potato varieties for irrigation cultivation in the Lower Volga region

Abstract

Purpose: to conduct an environmental-geographical test of new highly productive potato varieties of domestic and foreign selection during sprinkling under conditions of hydrothermal tension in the Lower Volga region. Materials and methods. Ecological testing of new highly productive 19 potato varieties and hybrids of domestic and foreign breeding was carried out at the experimental site of the All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture in 2022–2023. The studies were conducted in accordance with the requirements of generally accepted methods. Results. The results of the study on the selection and testing of potato varieties showed that the maximum amount of above-ground mass of the studied potato varieties was formed in the first decade of August, the maximum growth of tops was noted in the Kupets variety and hybrid 16.18-2, 750 and 700 g respectively. The Vega, Luck, Healer, Elixir, Gourmet varieties and hybrid 45.82-12 formed the vegetative mass from 500 to 630 g. Other varieties were unable to form a powerful vegetative mass. The Gulliver variety is characterized by the highest productivity of the studied potato varieties – 4.3 t/ha. The minimum potato tubers yield was obtained in the Lubava variety, which amounted to 15.6 t/ha. The formed potato tubers yield of other varieties and hybrids ranged from 18.7 to 34.0 t/ha. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, results were obtained on the patterns of tubers yield formation of 17 varieties and 2 potato hybrids undergoing environmental testing. The yield of varieties and hybrids of domestic and foreign breeding ranged from 15.6 to 41.3 t/ha, however, such varieties as Gulliver, Luck and Darenka, Red Scarlett, Colombo, Queen Anna and hybrids with yields above 30 t/ha should be highlighted.

Keywords

• potatoes
• sprinkling
• varieties and hybrids
• biometric indicators
• yield