L’éclairage dynamique, un dispositif de médiation. Le cours d’action pour évaluer l’influence de la lumière sur l’expérience visiteur au musée

Abstract

Since the 18th century, architects and museum managers have used natural and artificial lighting to light artworks and exhibits. Today, practitioners such as museographers, scenographers and lighting designers use it as a tool to build atmospheres and to guide the visitor’s gaze. Beyond merely highlighting artwork, lighting defines what is shown, and indicates the object of discussion. The potential of lighting – as a mediating device that directly affects the visitor’s sensitive and cognitive experience – remains to be shown and explained. It was from this standpoint that we studied visitor experience in the Grande Galerie de l’Évolution at the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris, which presents a dynamic lighting installation conceived as an immersive scenography. We found that this installation plays an important role in the process of constructing sense and visitor experience. It helps to create an atmosphere of well-being, evoking the colors of natural environments, lighting or darkening the exhibits to attract or reduce attention, and acts as a catalyst for interpersonal and contemplative experiences. These results encourage us to explore the potential of lighting as a mediating device.

Keywords

• lighting
• cultural mediation
• museum
• course of action