POST-EARTHQUAKE 3D BUILDING MODEL (LOD2) GENERATION FROM UAS IMAGERY: THE CASE OF VRISA TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENT, LESVOS, GREECE

Abstract

In recent years 3D building modelling techniques are commonly used in various domains such as navigation, urban planning and disaster management, mostly confined to visualization purposes. The 3D building models are produced at various Levels of Detail (LOD) in the CityGML standard, that not only visualize complex urban environment but also allows queries and analysis. The aim of this paper is to present the methodology and the results of the comparison among two scenarios of LOD2 building models, which have been generated by the derivate UAS data acquired from two flight campaigns in different altitudes. The study was applied in Vrisa traditional settlement, Lesvos island, Greece, which was affected by a devastating earthquake of Mw = 6.3 on 12th June 2017. Specifically, the two scenarios were created by the results that were derived from two different flight campaigns which were: i) on 12th January 2020 with a flying altitude of 100 m and ii) on 4th February 2020 with a flying altitude of 40 m, both with a nadir camera position. The LOD2 buildings were generated in a part of Vrisa settlement consisted of 80 buildings using the footprints of the buildings, Digital Surface Models (DSMs), a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and orthophoto maps of the area. Afterwards, a comparison was implemented between the LOD2 buildings of the two different scenarios, with their volumes and their heights. Subsequently, the heights of the LOD2 buildings were compared with the heights of the respective terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) models. Additionally, the roofs of the LOD2 buildings were evaluated through visual inspections. The results showed that the 65 of 80 LOD2 buildings were generated accurately in terms of their heights and roof types for the first scenario and 64 for the second respectively. Finally, the comparison of the results proved that the generation of post-earthquake LOD2 buildings can be achieved with the appropriate UAS data acquired at a flying altitude of 100 m and they are not affected significantly by a lower one altitude.