Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common causes of death in the developed world with the high prevalence of cardiac risk factors and associated morbidity. These risk factors were mostly contributed in the metabolic syndrome. Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with angiographically documented CAD and its relation with the severity of CAD. Materials and Methods: In the current cross-sectional study, a total of 320 patients aged 18 years and older of both genders and diagnosed with CAD by medical and clinical examinations and angiography findings were included in the study. Patients with normal angiographic or nonsignificant coronary stenosis and those with acute coronary syndrome were excluded from the study. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients diagnosed with CADs was 68.4% in this study. The numbers and severity of coronary arteries involved were importantly increased through increasing the numbers of the components of the metabolic syndrome that the patient have it. The majority of the patients with right coronary artery (67.6%), circumflex artery (63.2%), left anterior descending (66.7%), and multivessel (69.8%) had metabolic syndrome with no significant difference (P = 0.913). Moreover, the most of the patients with one vessel (66.4%), two vessels (68.2%), three vessels (72.2%), and four vessels (66.7%) were metabolic syndrome (P = 0.846). Between the individual components, diabetes mellitus (DM) was the most significant risk factor accounts for the number and severity of the CAD in all CAD patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is high among patients with angiographically documented CAD. Patients having metabolic syndrome have more severe and more complex CAD.

Keywords

• Comorbidity
• coronary artery disease
• metabolic syndrome