High burden of MDR, XDR, PDR, and MBL producing Gram negative bacteria causing infections in Kermanshah health centers during 2019-2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Microorganisms producing Metallo-Beta-Lactamase (MBL) are a threat and cause of concern as they have become one of the most feared resistance mechanisms. This study was designed to explore the prevalence of MBL production in clinical isolates of Gram negative bacteria using phenotypic MBL detection. Materials and Methods: A total of 248 isolates were collected from various clinical samples and were evaluated for carbapenem resistance and MBL production. All strains were screened for MBL production using Double Disk Confirmatory Test (DDCT). Results: The results of screening for MBL production using phenotypic disk diffusion method showed that in the 85 isolates were carbapenemase positive; including, 10 (16.1%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 9 (14.5%) Escherichia coli, 58 (93.6%) Acinetobacter baumannii, and 8 (12.9%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Also, 83 (97.6) Carbapenemase-producing isolates were resistant to at least four classes of antimicrobials (MDR). Conclusion: A. baumannii was the most common carbapenem resistant bacterium in medical centers in Kermanshah. Significant multiple drug resistance (MDR) incidence was observed compared to different classes of antibiotics.

Keywords

• Metallo-beta-lactamase;
• Antibiotic resistance;
• Multiple drug resistance;
• Gram negative bacteria