萌育对芝麻籽粒含氮物质的影响Effect of germination on nitrogen-containing substances in sesame seeds

Abstract

为探究芝麻籽粒萌育过程中含氮物质的变化，采用去离子水、0.5%氯化钙溶液、1%氯化钙溶液对芝麻籽粒浸泡30 min，然后在30 ℃下进行萌育处理，测定芝麻籽粒萌育0～72 h 期间粗蛋白质、可溶性蛋白质、游离氨基酸、蛋白质水解度以及蛋白质分子质量的变化。结果表明：萌育过程中，粗蛋白质含量先减少后增加再减少；可溶性蛋白质含量在0～4 h略微增加，随后下降，72 h时降低了约25%，3种浸种处理方式变化趋势一致；游离氨基酸含量和蛋白质水解度逐渐增大，3种浸种处理方式游离氨基酸含量有显著性差异；SDS-PAGE结果显示，50～95 kDa蛋白质亚基的含量减少，11S蛋白的含量呈波动性变化，最终呈增加趋势，17 kDa蛋白质亚基的含量增加，2S蛋白的含量明显减少。研究说明萌育可以显著改变芝麻籽粒中含氮物质的含量，大分子蛋白质降解为小分子蛋白质，同时2S等小分子蛋白质也发生了降解。 In order to explore the changes of nitrogen-containing substances during sesame seed germination, sesame seeds were soaked respectively in deionized water, 0.5% calcium chloride solution and 1% calcium chloride solution for 30 min and then germinated at 30 ℃. The changes of crude protein, soluble protein, free amino acids, degree of hydrolysis of protein and molecular weight of protein of sesame seed were measured during 0-72 h germination. The results showed that the content of crude protein decreased first, then increased and then decreased. The soluble protein content increased slightly at 0-4 h, then decreased, and decreased by about 25% at 72 h, and variation trend of three soaking methods was consistent.The content of free amino acids and the degree of hydrolysis of protein increased gradually, and there was significant difference in the content of free amino acids among the three soaking treatments. The results of SDS-PAGE showed that the content of 50-95 kDa protein subunit decreased, the content of 11S protein fluctuated during germination and finally increased, the content of 17 kDa protein subunit increased, and the content of 2S protein decreased significantly. The germination can significantly change the nitrogen content in sesame seeds, macromolecular proteins are degraded into small molecular proteins, and small molecular proteins such as 2S are also degraded.

Keywords

• 芝麻；萌育；含氮物质
• sesame； germination； nitrogen-containing substance