Chromophoric and liability quantification of organic matters in the polluted rivers of Bandung watershed, Indonesia

Abstract

The environmental pressure on raw water intakes has increased and affected the characteristic of Natural Organic Matters (NOMs) in many rivers in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristic of NOMs and to understand the relationship among NOMs parameters in the polluted river intakes. This research was conducted in the raw water intakes of Water Supply Company in Bandung Indonesia. Statistical and spatial analysis were applied to obtain the most polluted water among the intakes. Then, water samplings from a selected intake were taken to measure three different terminologies of NOMs, which are (i) NOM which are related to lability (BOD and COD), (ii) Chromophoric NOM (UV254, UV355, and UV ¾), (iii) and fluorescent NOM (Humification Index (HIX)). In this study, the Fluorescent Excitation-Emission Matrix (F-EEM) was then measured to determine the origins of NOMs. Also, further results reveal that the characteristic of NOMs from the selected water intake is predominantly influenced by anthropogenic activities, as shown by weak relationship among lability NOM and Chromophoric NOM.