Recommendations for young researchers on how to better advance their scientific career: A systematic review

Abstract

Introduction Although a number of articles offering advice for early career researchers have been published, no systematic review has summarized the available recommendations. This study aimed to enhance young researchers by reviewing the literature and providing a comprehensive set of tips and advice, applicable to a broad range of scientific fields. Methods The systematic review was performed in PubMed database. Relevant articles published from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2020 were located according to a comprehensive search algorithm. Inclusion criteria were English language, articles containing clearly formed recommendations, and articles including recommendations that could be utilized by researchers working in a broad range of disciplines. The search algorithm provided 62 articles. From those, 18 fulfilled the chosen criteria and were included in the review. One further publication was added that did not emerge from the search algorithm but came up according to the snowballing approach. Results In total, 208 advice suggestions (‘tips’) emerged from the studied articles. Upon classification they were categorized into five broad thematic groups: ‘Funding and research proposal writing’ (26 tips), ‘Mentorship, networking and collaboration (25 tips), ‘Enhancing visibility as a researcher’ (28 tips), ‘Writing and publishing a journal article’ (43 tips), and ‘Personal and professional development’ (86 tips). Conclusions This is the first systematic review summarizing useful recommendations for young researchers with regard to initiating, conducting and promoting their scientific work and career. The provided guidelines form a valuable and easy to read tool that can inspire and encourage young researchers in building a successful scientific career while avoiding common pitfalls.

Keywords

• guidelines
• recommendations
• young researchers
• career advancement
• systematic review