Real-Time Optimal Scheduling of Multi-Microgrids Considering Renewable Energy Intermittency

Abstract

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Accelerating the penetration of renewable energy (RE) in energy consumption is an important method to realize the promotion of CO2 emission peaking and carbon neutrality. The energy transaction between two microgrids (MGs) makes up for the limitations that a single MG cannot deal well with the intermittence and fluctuation of RE in the real-time scheduling of the system. Multi-microgrids (MMGs) composed of multiple MGs have become an effective supplement to China’s power system. However, extreme weather and natural disasters can easily cause fault shutdown of wind turbines (WTs) and photovoltaics (PVs) in the microgrid (MG). To better balance the flexible load curtailment and satisfaction of MMGs, this paper proposes a coordinated scheduling model for MMGs. This model covers the WT, the PV, the fuel cell (FC), the energy storage system (ESS), and flexible load curtailment. First, the energy management system (EMS) of MMGs collects information on all the distributed generators’ output and three types of loads. The contribution bargaining game is applied to realize the energy transaction between each two MGs. Second, balancing multi-microgrid satisfaction and the profit of each MG is taken as the objective function, and the scheduling strategy of each MG is formulated. Also, an improved optimization method is applied to solve the amount of flexible load curtailment of each MG and realize the reasonable scheduling of MMG in the fault state. In the case study, the superiority of the model and the proposed method has been verified.

Keywords

• multi-microgrid
• contribution bargaining
• satisfaction
• load removal
• renewable energy utilization
• CO2 emission