International Journal of Nanomedicine (Sep 2019)
Enhanced antibacterial properties of orthopedic implants by titanium nanotube surface modification: a review of current techniques
Abstract
Yuehong Li,1 Yue Yang,2 Ruiyan Li,1 Xiongfeng Tang,1 Deming Guo,1 Yun’an Qing,1 Yanguo Qin1 1Orthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yun’an Qing; Yanguo QinOrthopaedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun People’s Republic of ChinaEmail [email protected] [email protected]: Prosthesis-associated infections are one of the main causes of implant failure; thus it is important to enhance the long-term antibacterial ability of orthopedic implants. Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) are biomaterials with good physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. Owing to their inherent antibacterial and drug-loading ability, the antibacterial application of TNTs has received increasing attention. In this review, the process of TNT anodizing fabrication is summarized. Also, the mechanism and the influencing factors of the antibacterial property of bare TNTs are explored. Furthermore, different antibacterial strategies for carrying drugs, as well as modifications to prolong the antibacterial effect and reduce drug-related toxicity are discussed. In addition, antibacterial systems based on TNTs that can automatically respond to infection are introduced. Finally, the currently faced problems are reviewed and potential solutions are proposed. This review provides new insight on TNT fabrication and summarizes the most advanced antibacterial strategies involving TNTs for the enhancement of long-term antibacterial ability and reduction of toxicity.Keywords: antibacterial property, drug delivery, titanium dioxide nanotube, orthopedic implant, surface modification
