康复学报 (Oct 2023)
Analysis of Gait and Foot Pressure in Patients with Different Severity of Knee Osteoarthritis
Abstract
ObjectiveTo analyze the gait characteristics of patients with different severity of knee osteoarthritis and the differences in the peak pressure points in different subdivisions of the foot to provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis, treatment and rehabilateral of knee osteoarthritis.MethodsA total of 64 patients with bilateral knee osteoarthritis admitted to the Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, and Department of Spine and Trauma Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from August 2020 to February 2021 were selected, based on the K-L classification (Kellgren-Lawrence classification) criteria of imaging, and the 50 cases of patients who met the criteria were divided into mild and moderate-severe groups, of which 26 cases of patients with grades I and II were included in the mild group, and 24 cases of patients with grades III and IV were in the moderate-severe group.The gait spatiotemporal parameters and peak plantar pressure points of the two groups were detected using the gait and balance function training assessment system and smart rehabilitation shoes respectively. The gait Spatio-temporal parameters included stride time, stride duration, stride length, single support phase time, double support phase time, stance phase time, swing phase time, single support phase percentage, double support phase percentage, stride speed, stride frequency, stride width and stride direction angle. The peak plantar pressure points included the toe area, metatarsal area, medial area, lateral area, medial heel area and lateral heel area.ResultsAmong the spatiotemporal parameters of gait measured in both groups, stride length, stride speed, stride frequency, single support phase time, single support phase percentage, and swing phase time were smaller in the medium-severe group than in the mild group (P<0.05), while stride time, stride width, double support phase time, and double support phase percentage were larger than in the mild group (P<0.05). In the peak pressure points, the peak metatarsa2 pressure point was smaller in the medium-severe group compared with the mild group (P<0.05).ConclusionThe gait and plantar pressure characteristics of patients with different severity of knee osteoarthritis differed. As the severity of knee osteoarthritis increased, the patient's gait was characterized by slower walking speed, reduced stride length, longer standing time, shorter single-foot brace time, and outward shift of foot pressure. Gait assessment of patients with knee osteoarthritis can be used clinically to quickly determine the severity of the disease and to analyze the biomechanical changes in patients, providing a theoretical basis for rehabilitation treatment.
