Наукові праці Лісівничої академії наук України (Dec 2019)
Variability of pine cedar siberian seeds, which grow in different forest areas
Abstract
The indicators for seeds of Pne cedar Siberian (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) growing in different forest areas of the Krasnoyarsk territory and Irkutsk region have been presented. The object of research was the seeds harvested in the 20 populations. Cones were collected in plantations and on permanent forest seed plots (PFSP) in late August - early September of 2016 and 2018. Seeds were stored in the warehouses in boxes, bags or in bulk. Biometric indicators of seeds and their sowing qualities were compared. Research was conducted to study the mass, viability, and maturity of seeds. A mass of 1000 pcs., viability and quality class of seeds were determined at the forest seed station of the Krasnoyarsk territory. Biometric indicators and seed maturity were determined at SibSU: maturity was specified by filling the seed canal with the embryo, expressed in a percentage. The research conducted in 2016 showed that the mass of 1000 pcs. of seeds, their viability and maturity differed depending on the place of their collection. The largest sizes and weight for 1000 pcs. of seeds are marked in the variants where the cones were collected in the Nazarovsky plantations, the viability and maturity of the seeds – from the Kozulsky forestry. In 2018, the mass of 1000 pcs. of seeds was 17.9% more, viability - 6.5%, maturity was lower by 8.0% compared to 2016. The level of seed indicators variability is mainly low (4.8-6.7%) and by mass (12.3%) it was average in 2018. The maximum seed indicators were found when collecting cones in the plantation of the Verkhnemansky territory, and on the PFSP of the Sayano-Shushensky (Altai-Sayan mountain-taiga forest seed region), as well as the Usinsky (Middle Siberian subtaiga forest seed region) forestry. The relationship between size and weight of the seeds (r=0.303-0.549) was determined. The relationship between size, seed weight and viability, maturity has not been established (r = 0,012-0,201). A comparative analysis of the average values of seed indicators depending on the forest zone was carried out. Indicators of seeds of Pinus sibirica Du Tour, growing in different forest zones, fluctuate within small limits. The difference in seed length does not exceed 5.4%, width – 6.9%, weight – 3.7%, viability – 5.7%, maturity – 4.4%. The greatest differences were manifested in the stands located in the forest areas inside the forest zones. It has been established that indicators for seeds of Pinus sibirica Du Tour vary depending on many factors, including genetic and growing conditions. Comparing the harvest data of 2016 and 2018, it was found that the largest mass of seeds was during the collection of cones for two years in the Nazarovsky plantation and on the PFSP of the Sayano-Shushensky forestry. Viability and maturity of the seeds differed depending on the year of collection of cones. Considering that the sowing qualities of seeds affect the germination and further growth of seedlings, it is advisable to use seeds from selected stands and PFSP in a particular forest area for growing the planting material.
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