GALLBLADDER POLYPOSIS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Abstract

Polypoid lesions of the gallbladder represent the frequent problem of modern abdominal surgery. These lesions have very different histology from pseudolesion to cancer of the gallbladder. Majority of patients with gallbladder polyps have asymptomatic evolution. Intermittent pain may appear in the right upper quadrant, similar to gallstone disease, with or without cholecystitis, or there might be nonspecific symptoms. For the diagnosis of this pathology, different methods can be used – transabdominal ultrasound, endoscopic ultrasound, computerized tomography, retrograde endoscopic colangiopancreatography, nuclear magnetic resonance. At present, ultrasound remains the most sensitive and useful method for the diagnosis of the gallbladder polyps. The most important problem is the preoperative appreciation of the possible malignancy of the polyp. At present, standardized treatment accepted unanimously of this pathology does not exist. If surgery is indicated, the gold standard is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In case of malignancy or its suspicion the surgery volume becomes bigger and includes liver resection and, if necessary, limfadenodisection.

Keywords

• gallbladder polyp
• transabdominal ultrasound
• malignancy