Nuclear Fusion (Jan 2024)
Micro-particle injection experiments in ADITYA-U tokamak using an inductively driven pellet injector
- Sambaran Pahari,
- Rahulnath P.P.,
- Aditya Nandan Savita,
- Pradeep Kumar Maurya,
- Saroj Kumar Jha,
- Neeraj Shiv,
- Raghavendra K.,
- Harsh Hemani,
- Belli Nagaraju,
- Sukantam Mahar,
- Manmadha Rao,
- I.V.V. Suryaprasad,
- U.D. Malshe,
- J. Ghosh,
- B.R. Doshi,
- Prabal Kumar Chattopadhyay,
- R.L. Tanna,
- K.A. Jadeja,
- K.M. Patel,
- Rohit Kumar,
- Tanmay Macwan,
- Harshita Raj,
- S. Aich,
- Kaushlender Singh,
- Suman Dolui,
- D. Kumawat,
- M.N. Makwana,
- K.S. Shah,
- Shivam Gupta,
- V. Balakrishnan,
- C.N. Gupta,
- Swadesh Kumar Patnaik,
- Praveenlal Edappala,
- Minsha Shah,
- Bhavesh Kadia,
- Nandini Yadava,
- Kajal Shah,
- G. Shukla,
- M.B. Chowdhuri,
- R. Manchanda,
- Nilam Ramaiya,
- Manoj Kumar,
- Umesh Nagora,
- Varsha S.,
- S.K. Pathak,
- Kumudni Asudani,
- Paritosh Chaudhuri,
- P.N. Maya,
- Rajiv Goswami,
- A. Sen,
- Y.C. Saxena,
- R. Pal,
- S. Chaturvedi
Affiliations
- Sambaran Pahari
- ORCiD
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- Rahulnath P.P.
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- Aditya Nandan Savita
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- Pradeep Kumar Maurya
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- Saroj Kumar Jha
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- Neeraj Shiv
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- Raghavendra K.
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- Harsh Hemani
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- Belli Nagaraju
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- Sukantam Mahar
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- Manmadha Rao
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- I.V.V. Suryaprasad
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India
- U.D. Malshe
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
- J. Ghosh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- B.R. Doshi
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Prabal Kumar Chattopadhyay
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- R.L. Tanna
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Institute of Science, Nirma University , Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India
- K.A. Jadeja
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Department of Physics, Saurashtra University , Rajkot, Gujarat, India
- K.M. Patel
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Rohit Kumar
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Tanmay Macwan
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- Harshita Raj
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- S. Aich
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- Kaushlender Singh
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- Suman Dolui
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- D. Kumawat
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- M.N. Makwana
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- K.S. Shah
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Shivam Gupta
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- V. Balakrishnan
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- C.N. Gupta
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Swadesh Kumar Patnaik
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Praveenlal Edappala
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Minsha Shah
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Bhavesh Kadia
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Nandini Yadava
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Institute of Science, Nirma University , Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India
- Kajal Shah
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Raisan , Gandhinagar 382007, Gujarat, India
- G. Shukla
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- M.B. Chowdhuri
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- R. Manchanda
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Nilam Ramaiya
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Manoj Kumar
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Umesh Nagora
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- Varsha S.
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- S.K. Pathak
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Kumudni Asudani
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Paritosh Chaudhuri
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- P.N. Maya
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- Rajiv Goswami
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India
- A. Sen
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- Y.C. Saxena
- ORCiD
- Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- R. Pal
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics , Kolkata, India
- S. Chaturvedi
- Computational Analysis Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531011, India; Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat , Gandhinagar 382428, Gujarat, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094, India
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ad2b5f
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 64,
no. 5
p. 056007
Abstract
A first-of-its-kind, inductively driven micro-particle (Pellet) accelerator and injector have been developed and operated successfully in ADITYA-U circular plasma operations, which may ably address the critical need for a suitable disruption control mechanism in ITER and future tokamak. The device combines the principles of electromagnetic induction, pulse power technology, impact, and fracture dynamics. It is designed to operate in a variety of environments, including atmospheric pressure and ultra-high vacuum. It can also accommodate a wide range of pellet quantities, sizes, and materials and can adjust the pellets’ velocities over a coarse and fine range. The device has a modular design such that the maximum velocity can be increased by increasing the number of modules. A cluster of lithium titanate/carbonate (Li _2 TiO _3 /Li _2 CO _3 ) impurity particles with variable particle sizes, weighing ∼50–200 mg are injected with velocities of the order of ∼200 m s ^−1 during the current plateau in ADITYA-U tokamak. This leads to a complete collapse of the plasma current within ∼5–6 ms of triggering the injector. The current quench time is dependent on the amount of impurity injected as well as the compound, with Li _2 TiO _3 injection causing a faster current quench than Li _2 CO _3 injection, as more power is radiated in the case of Li _2 TiO _3 . The increase in radiation due to the macro-particle injection starts in the plasma core, while the soft x-ray emission indicates that the entire plasma core collapses at once.
Keywords