Зерновое хозяйство России (Dec 2020)
Productivity and sowing qualities of spring barley seeds when using biostimulants in the primary seed production
Abstract
The current paper has presented the study results of 2017–2019 on estimating the indices of productivity and sowing seed qualities of the spring barley varieties ‘Gris’ and ‘Leon’. Ther was conducted pre-sowing treatment of seed material, depending on the fractional composition of grain and plants during the growing season. There were used the growth biostimulants based on algae Ruter and Stimax Start in the conditions of the southern part of the Rostov region. There has been found out that seed and plant treatment with biostimulants had an effect on the sowing qualities and yield properties of seeds. There has been established that the seeds isolated on sieves with a hole diameter of 2.4 × 20 mm, when using the biological product Ruter, had the highest germination energy (93–94%) and laboratory germination (97%), as well as the highest yield in the studied spring barley varieties ‘Gris’ (8.8 t/ha) and ‘Leon’ (8.3 t/ha). The largest grain size was obtained from the 2.4 × 20 fraction using the biological product Ruter (the variety ‘Leon’ produced 43.1 g and the variety ‘Gris’ produced 50.1 g). The maximum seed yield in the studied varieties after treatment (86.4 and 90.1%, respectively) was also identified in the 2.4 × 20 mm fraction when using the biostimulator Ruter. On the control without biostimulants, the seed yield of the variety ‘Leon’ in the 2.4 × 20 fraction was 80.3%, and that of the variety ‘Gris’ was 81.4%. There has been shown an economic efficiency of the biological products depending on the fraction of sowing material in the cultivation technology of spring barley. The largest productivity increase (the variety ‘Leon’ 1.2 t/ha (2.4 × 20 mm fraction) and ‘Gris’ 0.9 t/ha (2.2 × 20 mm fraction)) was obtained in the variants when using the bioproduct Ruter with the maximum (195.8%) profitability of the variety ‘Gris’. The results of the trials have shown that the use of biostimulants based on algae in general had a positive effect on the development of spring barley varieties and the production of high-quality seed material in the Rostov region.
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