A linear positive association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease among individuals with diabetes

Abstract

Abstract Aims To assess the correlation between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among individuals with diabetes. Methods A total of 1,555 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were enrolled in this cross-sectional study after excluding individuals without diabetes and those who lacked data on Hs-CRP, diabetes and CVD. All participants were divided into four groups based on quartiles of Hs-CRP: Q1 (≤ 1.20 mg/L), Q2 (1.20–2.86 mg/L), Q3 (2.86–6.40 mg/L), and Q4 (> 6.40 mg/L). Logistic regression analysis, subgroup analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were used to evaluate the correlation between Hs-CRP and the prevalence of CVD in individuals with diabetes. Results In univariate logistic regression analysis, a higher level of Hs-CRP was associated with a higher prevalence of CVD (P < 0.05). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounders, the correlation between Hs-CRP and the prevalence of CVD remained significant (Q3 vs. Q1, OR: 1.505, 95% CI: 1.056–2.147, P = 0.024; Q4 vs. Q1, OR: 1.711, 95% CI: 1.171–2.499, P = 0.006; log10(Hs-CRP), OR: 1.504, 95% CI: 1.168–1.935, P = 0.002). Further subgroup analysis showed that a higher Hs-CRP was independently associated with a higher prevalence of CVD in the < 60 years, male, non-hypertension and non-hypercholesterolemia subgroups (P < 0.05). Additionally, RCS analysis revealed a linear positive correlation between Hs-CRP and CVD prevalence (P for nonlinearity = 0.244). Conclusion A higher level of Hs-CRP was closely related to a higher prevalence of CVD in people with diabetes.

Keywords

• High-sensitivity C-reactive protein
• Cardiovascular disease
• Diabetes
• NHANES
• Restricted cubic spline