International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease (Jul 2021)
Role of Urinary Beta 2 Microglobulin and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 in Predicting Kidney Function at One Year Following Acute Kidney Injury
Abstract
Dhanin Puthiyottil,1 PS Priyamvada,1 Mattewada Naveen Kumar,1 Anand Chellappan,1 Bobby Zachariah,2 Sreejith Parameswaran1 1Department of Nephrology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education& Research, Puducherry, 605006, India; 2Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education& Research, Puducherry, 605006, IndiaCorrespondence: PS PriyamvadaDepartment of Nephrology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education& Research, Puducherry, 605006, IndiaEmail [email protected]: There is only limited information on the utility of urinary biomarkers in predicting long-term kidney function following acute kidney injury (AKI). The current study assessed whether urinary beta 2 microglobulin/creatinine (B2M/creat) and kidney injury molecule-1/creatinine (KIM-1/creat) ratios, measured in the early recovery phase of AKI, are predictive of kidney function at one year.Methods: This is a prospective study done in a tertiary care centre in South India, from March 2017 to December 2018. Adult patients who survived an episode of AKI were followed up for one year (n=125). B2M/creat and KIM-1/creat ratio were measured at two weeks and three months following AKI.Results: In the AKI survivors, the B2M/creat ratio at 2 weeks [18.3mg/g (IQR 2.3, 52.9)] and KIM-1/creat ratio [1.1 μg/g (IQR 0.5, 4.0) at two weeks were higher compared to healthy controls [B2M/creat ratio 0.35 mg/g (0.17,0.58) and KIM-1/creat ratio 0.40 μg/g (0.23,1.00); P= 10.85 (mg/g) or eGFR < 60 mL at two weeks) had a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 94%, 100%) in predicting CKD at one year.Conclusion: An eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 and elevated urinary B2M/creat ratio at two weeks following AKI is predictive of low eGFR at one year. Urinary KIM-1/creat ratios do not predict CKD progression.Keywords: acute kidney injury, biomarkers, acute tubular necrosis, chronic kidney disease