Mental Health Disorders among Healthcare Workers Exposed to COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Since the outbreak of Covid-19, several studies have demonstrated that healthcare workers (HCWs) are at risk of developing mental health disorders. Objective: To survey Saudi healthcare workers exposed to Covid-19 patients for most commonly reported mental health disorders. Study type, settings & duration: A descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) during June 2020. Methodology: The population comprised of healthcare workers (physicians, nurses and paramedical staff). The mental health disorders explored were depression, anxiety, insomnia and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software version 22.0 (IBM Corp). Results: The most frequent mental health disorder reported in the present study was anxiety (68.6%) followed by insomnia (30.3%), PTSD (15.7%) and clinically significant depression (11.1%). Frontline healthcare workers demonstrated significantly higher risk of developing anxiety and PTSD after adjustment for other factors (OR of 1.9, 95% CI: 1.13-3.15, p =0.015), and (OR of 2.7, 95% CI: 1.22-6.01, p =0.014) respectively. Conclusion: Frontline HCWs demonstrated approximately two-fold increased risk of developing anxiety and approximately three-fold risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorders after adjustment for other variables. We suggest launching a large scale health education program and screening for Saudi HCWs engaged in the management of Covid-19 patients.

Keywords

• anxiety
• Covid-19
• depression
• healthcare workers
• insomnia
• mental health disorders