Assessing soil erosion through the implementation of the RUSLE model and geospatial technology in the Isser watershed, northern Algeria

Abstract

Soil erosion, triggered by rainfall and runoff, poses a significant challenge for Mediterranean countries, leading to sedimentation in dam reservoirs, decreased storage capacities, and reduced agricultural fertility. Among various erosion estimation models, the RUSLE equation stands out for its consistency and minimal data requirements. The present study aims to utilize geographic information systems (GIS) software to quantify and map soil loss in the Isser watershed in northern Algeria employing the RUSLE model to strategically plan development measures and prioritize actions to safeguard high-risk erosion areas. Implementing the RUSLE-GIS approach involves integrating multiple datasets, including precipitation, soil erodibility, topography, vegetation cover, and anti-erosion practices. By combining these factors, a comprehensive map depicting erosion rates is generated. The findings categorize potential soil erosion into six groups, ranging from very low to extremely high. They indicate that 61.5% of the Isser Basin faces erosion, varying from moderate to very high (>20 t ha−1 year−1). In addition, 25% of the total surface experiences erosion levels classified as high to very high (>50 t ha−1 year−1). This underscores the urgent need for anti-erosive measures. These measures aim to safeguard the basin's soils, extend the lifespan of existing dam reservoirs (Koudiet Acerdoune and Beni Amran), and preserve their water potential. HIGHLIGHTS Use the RUSLE-GIS approach by considering all pivotal factors in water erosion processes.; Generate comprehensive factor maps for the entire watershed.; Create a geospatial potential soil erosion map.; Identify areas prone to erosion risks.; Provide a robust foundation for strategic planning to protect high-risk erosion areas, mitigate crop issues, and prolong the longevity of the existing critical dams.;

Keywords

• beni amran
• erosion potential
• koudiet acerdoune reservoir
• semi-arid region
• silting
• soil loss