Resonant signals in the lithosphere–atmosphere–ionosphere coupling

Abstract

Abstract A study in the lithosphere, atmosphere and ionosphere (LAI) coupling often troubles scientists due to a certain distance between distinct instruments, which monitor geophysical parameters in different spheres. An instrumental system was established in southwest China (Leshan; LESH) for monitoring vibrations and perturbations in LAI (MVP-LAI). A ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver at the YADU station locates ~ 260 km away that continuously receives electromagnetic signals transmitted from the BeiDou navigation System (BDS) geostationary satellites to monitor the total electron content (TEC) at the ionospheric pierce point right over the MVP-LAI system. The employment of YADU TEC benefits in elimination of possible shaking effects happening on multiple instruments at the LESH station and mitigation the troubles due to the discrepancy in observation places. Through a stacking process on the retrieved data for increase of signal to noise ratios, a novel phenomenon of the resonant LAI coupling at a fundamental mode of ~ 3.4 mHz and its multiples persists in ground vibrations, atmospheric pressure and TEC retrieved from the MVP-LAI system and the YADU station. The retrieved data share frequencies during the operational period of 1.5 months that is irrelevant to obvious events in the lithosphere, atmosphere and ionosphere. The persistence of the resonant LAI coupling is essential in the Earth’s system.