Sharia Supervision of Laws and Regulations in the Legal System of Egypt and Iran

Abstract

The nature and origin of laws is a topic that has been the subject of serious discussions, especially in the new era, and there are different opinions about it. In the Islamic view, which can be seen in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Sharia is the main source of legislation, and laws that do not conflict with Sharia rules and standards are legitimate. However, in many Islamic countries, despite the existence of religious relations, influenced by secular currents, the confrontation with Sharia has taken a separate path, which has led to serious differences in the field of legislative competence and decision-making regarding Sharia rulings. This paper, tries to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the Sharia monitoring system of Iran's laws and regulations in terms of "the place of Sharia in the constitution", "the investigating institution" and "the review of the monitoring procedure" using a descriptive-analytical method. Guardian Council in Iran and the Supreme Constitutional Court in Egypt are responsible for this type of supervision, in which the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt, with a passive and limited approach to the laws, approves the parliament only in order to comply with the general principles of Sharia law. It evaluates specific criteria and in a judicial process

Keywords

• islamic supervision
• law
• parliament
• guardian council
• supreme constitutional court
• iran
• egypt