Earth System Science Data (Mar 2022)
COSMOS-Europe: a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensors
- H. R. Bogena,
- M. Schrön,
- J. Jakobi,
- P. Ney,
- S. Zacharias,
- M. Andreasen,
- R. Baatz,
- D. Boorman,
- M. B. Duygu,
- M. A. Eguibar-Galán,
- B. Fersch,
- T. Franke,
- J. Geris,
- M. González Sanchis,
- Y. Kerr,
- T. Korf,
- Z. Mengistu,
- A. Mialon,
- P. Nasta,
- J. Nitychoruk,
- V. Pisinaras,
- D. Rasche,
- R. Rosolem,
- H. Said,
- P. Schattan,
- M. Zreda,
- S. Achleitner,
- E. Albentosa-Hernández,
- Z. Akyürek,
- T. Blume,
- A. del Campo,
- D. Canone,
- K. Dimitrova-Petrova,
- J. G. Evans,
- S. Ferraris,
- F. Frances,
- D. Gisolo,
- A. Güntner,
- F. Herrmann,
- J. Iwema,
- K. H. Jensen,
- H. Kunstmann,
- H. Kunstmann,
- A. Lidón,
- M. C. Looms,
- S. Oswald,
- A. Panagopoulos,
- A. Patil,
- D. Power,
- C. Rebmann,
- N. Romano,
- L. Scheiffele,
- S. Seneviratne,
- G. Weltin,
- H. Vereecken
Affiliations
- H. R. Bogena
- Agrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- M. Schrön
- Department of Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- J. Jakobi
- Agrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- P. Ney
- Agrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- S. Zacharias
- Department of Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- M. Andreasen
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
- R. Baatz
- Agrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- D. Boorman
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, OX108BB, UK
- M. B. Duygu
- Water Resources Laboratory of Civil Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
- M. A. Eguibar-Galán
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- B. Fersch
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Alpine (IMK-IFU), 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
- T. Franke
- Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- J. Geris
- Northern Rivers Institute, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- M. González Sanchis
- Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Y. Kerr
- CNES, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, UPS, CESBIO Université Toulouse 3, 31401 Toulouse, France
- T. Korf
- Agrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Z. Mengistu
- Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate, 0301 Oslo, Norway
- A. Mialon
- CNES, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, UPS, CESBIO Université Toulouse 3, 31401 Toulouse, France
- P. Nasta
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, AFBE Division, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
- J. Nitychoruk
- Faculty of Economic Sciences and Technology, Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education, 95/97, Biala Podlaska, Poland
- V. Pisinaras
- Soil and Water Resources Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, 57400 Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece
- D. Rasche
- Section Hydrology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
- R. Rosolem
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bristol, BS81TH Bristol, UK
- H. Said
- Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
- P. Schattan
- Institute of Geography, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- M. Zreda
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
- S. Achleitner
- Institute of Geography, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- E. Albentosa-Hernández
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Z. Akyürek
- Water Resources Laboratory of Civil Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
- T. Blume
- Section Hydrology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
- A. del Campo
- Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- D. Canone
- Department of Regional and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- K. Dimitrova-Petrova
- Northern Rivers Institute, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- J. G. Evans
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, OX108BB, UK
- S. Ferraris
- Department of Regional and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- F. Frances
- Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- D. Gisolo
- Department of Regional and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
- A. Güntner
- Section Hydrology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
- F. Herrmann
- Agrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- J. Iwema
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- K. H. Jensen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- H. Kunstmann
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Alpine (IMK-IFU), 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
- H. Kunstmann
- Institute of Geography, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
- A. Lidón
- Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- M. C. Looms
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- S. Oswald
- Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- A. Panagopoulos
- Soil and Water Resources Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, 57400 Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece
- A. Patil
- Institute of Geography, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
- D. Power
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bristol, BS81TH Bristol, UK
- C. Rebmann
- Department of Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- N. Romano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, AFBE Division, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
- L. Scheiffele
- Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- S. Seneviratne
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, CHN N 11, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- G. Weltin
- Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
- H. Vereecken
- Agrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1125-2022
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 14
pp. 1125 – 1151
Abstract
Climate change increases the occurrence and severity of droughts due to increasing temperatures, altered circulation patterns, and reduced snow occurrence. While Europe has suffered from drought events in the last decade unlike ever seen since the beginning of weather recordings, harmonized long-term datasets across the continent are needed to monitor change and support predictions. Here we present soil moisture data from 66 cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNSs) in Europe (COSMOS-Europe for short) covering recent drought events. The CRNS sites are distributed across Europe and cover all major land use types and climate zones in Europe. The raw neutron count data from the CRNS stations were provided by 24 research institutions and processed using state-of-the-art methods. The harmonized processing included correction of the raw neutron counts and a harmonized methodology for the conversion into soil moisture based on available in situ information. In addition, the uncertainty estimate is provided with the dataset, information that is particularly useful for remote sensing and modeling applications. This paper presents the current spatiotemporal coverage of CRNS stations in Europe and describes the protocols for data processing from raw measurements to consistent soil moisture products. The data of the presented COSMOS-Europe network open up a manifold of potential applications for environmental research, such as remote sensing data validation, trend analysis, or model assimilation. The dataset could be of particular importance for the analysis of extreme climatic events at the continental scale. Due its timely relevance in the scope of climate change in the recent years, we demonstrate this potential application with a brief analysis on the spatiotemporal soil moisture variability. The dataset, entitled “Dataset of COSMOS-Europe: A European network of Cosmic-Ray Neutron Soil Moisture Sensors”, is shared via Forschungszentrum Jülich: https://doi.org/10.34731/x9s3-kr48 (Bogena and Ney, 2021).
