A Fatal Case of Fungal Empyema Due to Candida Krusei and Candida Tropicalis: A Rare Occurrence with an Atypical Presentation

Abstract

Infections of the pleural cavity remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality despite advancement in diagnostic modalities and therapy. Community acquired empyema thoracis due to Candida species are rarely reported in paediatric literature. We hereby report an interesting case of empyema due to co-infection of Candida krusei with Candida tropicalis. A 11-year-old female child presented with respiratory distress. Chest X-ray showed massive pleural effusion, thoracocentesis showed it as purulent exudate and she was empirically treated with antibiotics. C. tropicalis and C. krusei were isolated from the pus sample proving to be fungal empyema. Inspite of antifungal agents and mechanical ventilation, her general condition rapidly deteriorated and she succumbed.

Keywords

• antifungal agents
• empyema thoracis
• pleural effusion
• respiratory failure
• thoracocentesis