Fishes (Nov 2022)

Effect of Dietary <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Leaves Nanoparticles on Growth Performance, Physiological, Immunological Responses, and Liver Antioxidant Biomarkers in Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) against Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Toxicity

  • Heba S. Hamed,
  • Rehab M. Amen,
  • Azza H Elelemi,
  • Heba H. Mahboub,
  • Hiam Elabd,
  • Abdelfattah M. Abdelfattah,
  • Hebatallah Abdel Moniem,
  • Marwa A. El-Beltagy,
  • Mohamed Alkafafy,
  • Engy Mohamed Mohamed Yassin,
  • Ayman K. Ismail

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060360
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 7, no. 6
p. 360

Abstract

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The current study addresses the influence of Moringa oleifera leaves nanoparticles (MO-NPs) on growth, biochemical, immunological, and hepatic antioxidant alterations induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles toxicity in Nile tilapia (O. niloticus). Fish (N = 180) were divided into four groups with replicates. The first one was set as a control group and the second group was fed an MO-NPs-enriched diet (2.5 g/kg diet). The third group was exposed to 8 mg/L ZnO-NPs, while the forth group was exposed to 8 mg/L ZnO-NPs and fed on MO-NPs (2.5 g/kg diet) for 2 months. Exposure of O. niloticus to 8 mg/L ZnO-NPs induced the following consequences: a sharp decrease in the growth parameters; a marked increment in the biochemical biomarkers (glucose, cortisol, and liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP); a significant increase in serum renal products, urea and creatinine, cholesterol, and LDH levels. Nonetheless, the dietary MO-NPs supplementation for 2 months significantly alleviated the ZnO-NPs toxicity and significantly enhanced the growth indices, plus normalizing the physio-biochemical levels in the exposed group to ZnO-NPs toxicity to reach the levels of the control group. The MO-NPs markedly improved hepatic antioxidant biomarkers, MDA, and TAC, while, decreasing SOD, CAT, and GSH levels to be near the control values. Moreover, supplemented fish in MO-NPs (2.5 g/kg diet) and exposed to ZnO-NPs provided a remarkable increase in the immune profile (respiratory burst (RB) activity, lysozyme, and total immunoglobulins (IgM)) compared to the ZnO-NPs-intoxicated group. Based on the findings of the study, the exposed O. niloticus to ZnO-NPs were immune-antioxidant-depressed, besides showing growth retardation, and physio-biochemical alterations. On the other hand, a supplemented diet with MO-NPs is a novel approach to ameliorate ZnO-NPs toxicity for sustaining aquaculture and correspondingly protecting human health.

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