Generalized Clausius inequalities in a nonequilibrium cold-atom system

Abstract

The Clausius inequality is a way of analysing the entropy of a given process and its routes can be found in the second law of thermodynamics. Here, the authors study the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of an ultracold atomic gas in order to confirm the validity of two generalized Clausius inequalities and provide insight into the processes of thermodynamic inequalities and nonequilibrium processes.