Porencephalic cyst with ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy presenting with generalized tonic–clonic seizures and neuropsychiatric features: A case report with literature review

Abstract

Porencephalic cysts in combination with cerebral hemiatrophy have been described rarely. Herewith, we describe an 18-year-old female who presented with seizures, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and mild intellectual disability without facial asymmetry or neurological signs of weakness or rigidity. Magnetic resonance imaging head and brain, neuropsychological tests, and video electroencephalography findings are presented. The combination of porencephaly with cerebral hemiatrophy and intellectual disability with neuropsychiatric symptoms is extremely rare and probably the only case. A review of available studies is presented.

Keywords

• cerebral hemiatrophy
• neuropsychiatric symptoms
• porencephaly
• seizure