Two-dimensional steady squeezing flow over a vertical porous channel with free convective heat/mass transfer and invariable suction

Abstract

This research reports on the combined effects of heat and mass transfer (HMT) under the influences of the Soret and Dufour in natural convection steady 2D magnetohydrodynamic flow through the boundary layer in a porous vertical tube or duct. The current study is motivated by the significant applications of HMT in engineering processes such as casting and welding. The goal of this framework is to explore the assisting and opposing movements with HMT above a vertical porous channel under the influence of invariant suction and fluid dissipation which have not been reported in the earlier studies. The governing flow equations in terms of partial differential equations (PDEs) are altered to dimensionless ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using dimensionless variables. Employing the BVP4C approach, the leading equations are solved numerically. The dual nature of solutions has been observed due to suction. Stability exploration has been provided to confirm a stable solution. A comparison between published and current studies shows outstanding agreement. Key parameter effects on flow characteristics are visually offered using graphs as well as tables. It is noteworthy that the influence of Soret effects becomes apparent in a suspended mixture of particles and fluids. These phenomena can be attributed to temperature differences, whereby the motion of fluid particles in the warmest region with the maximum energy level causes the particles to migrate towards the coldest region. Notably, the flow speed rate at the left plate is initially high and slowly diminishes near the right plate.

Keywords

• Assisting and opposing flow
• Stability
• bvp4c
• Suction effect
• MHD squeezing flow
• Porosity