Climate Change and Archaeology. An Introduction

Abstract

Anthropogenic climate change is already affecting our environment. Climate projections show that in Europe we can expect: changes in rainfall, with increased drought and desertification, as well as increases in intensity and frequency of rainfall (sometimes in the same locations); increases in temperature, in winter and summer, increases in both the temperature and frequency of heatwaves; rising sea levels, and groundwater fluctuations; warmer seas, ocean acidification and changes in oceanic currents. These climate drivers will result in changes to flora and fauna, and changes in ground conditions (both on and below the surface) which will affect archaeological deposits and structures. In addition, human responses to the climate crisis also impact archaeological sites. However, while our archaeological deposits and historic places are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, our knowledge and skills as archaeologists are also relevant to supporting society in adapting to a changing climate and a low carbon future.

Keywords

• archaeology
• climate change
• impact
• heritage
• knowledge
• solutions