Surgical Removal of a Long-Forgotten, Retained Intravascular Foreign Body: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Intravascular foreign body embolization is a potential complication of any vascular operation. Placement of a central venous catheter (CVC) is a common procedure, especially during surgery, hemodialysis, or in critically ill patients. The complete loss of the introducing guidewire into the circulation is a rare complication, with the majority of cases identified immediately or shortly after the procedure. We report an unusual case of an 82-year-old male with a misplaced CVC guidewire, extending from the right common femoral vein (CFV) to the superior vena cava, that was found incidentally 2 years after internal jugular vein cannulation during colorectal surgery. The patient was asymptomatic at the time, without any signs of deep vein thrombosis or post-thrombotic syndrome. Surgical extraction of the guidewire was successfully performed, under local anesthesia, through venotomy of the right CFV. Proper education and advanced awareness are advised in order to minimize the risk of this avoidable complication.

Keywords

• central venous catheterization
• foreign bodies
• delayed diagnosis
• surgery