Biting the bullet: revisionary notes on the Oraseminae of the Old World (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eucharitidae)

Abstract

Twelve genera of Oraseminae (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) are recognized in the Old World. The genus Orasema Cameron is now considered as found only in the New World, and the Old World species, previously treated as species groups, are now treated as distinct genera. Eight new genera are proposed: Australosema gen. n., Cymosema gen. n., Hayatosema gen. n., Ibitya gen. n., Ivieosema gen. n., Leiosema gen. n., Matantas gen. n., and Zuparka gen. n. The genus Losbanus Watanabe is given revised status from Orasema. Nine new species are proposed: Australosema politurae sp. n. (Australia), A. verghetta sp. n. (Australia), Cymosema capelina sp. n. (Australia), C. waterworthae sp. n. (Australia), Hayatosema plicator sp. n. (Vietnam), Ivieosema confluens sp. n. (Madagascar), Iv. limula sp. n. (Madagascar), Leiosema lesiolouna sp. n. (Republic of Congo), and Zuparka fisheri sp. n. (Madagascar). New combinations (from Orasema) include Australosema valgius (Walker, 1839), A. synempora (Heraty, 1994), Hayatosema assectator (Kerrich, 1963), H. delhiensis (Narendran & G. Kumar, 2005), H. initiator (Kerrich, 1963), H. kailashi (G. Kumar & Sureshan, 2015), H. nigra (Heraty, 1994), H. nirupama (G. Kumar & Narendran, 2007), H. siruvanica (G. Kumar & Sureshan, 2015), Ibitya communis (Risbec, 1952), Ib. seyrigi (Risbec, 1952), Ivieosema fraudulenta (Reichensperger, 1913), Iv. striatosoma (Heraty, 1994), Leiosema glabra (Heraty, 1994), Losbanus bouceki (Heraty, 1994), L. ishii (Heraty, 1994), L. promecea (Heraty, 1994), L. rugulosa (Heraty, 1994), Matantas koghisiana (Heraty, 1994), and Zuparka monomoria (Heraty, 2000). Losbanus uichancoi Ishii, 1932 is given revised status from Orasema. Distribution records, a new host association of Pheidole (Myrmicinae) for Ibitya communis, and an identification key to the Old World genera and species are provided. Parasitoid, Formicidae, morphology, revision, Palaeotropical