Porcine Small Intestinal Submucosa Alters the Biochemical Properties of Wound Healing: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Among the many biological scaffold materials currently available for clinical use, the small intestinal submucosa (SIS) is an effective material for wound healing. SIS contains numerous active forms of extracellular matrix that support angiogenesis, cell migration, and proliferation, providing growth factors involved in signaling for tissue formation and assisting wound healing. SIS not only serves as a bioscaffold for cell migration and differentiation, but also restores the impaired dynamic reciprocity between cells and the extracellular matrix, ultimately driving wound healing. Here, we review the evidence on how SIS can shift the biochemical balance in a wound from chronic to an acute state.

Keywords

• wound healing
• extracellular matrix
• small intestinal submucosa
• dynamic reciprocity
• M2-macrophage
• matrix metallic proteinases